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Diabetic Diet Guidelines – 8 Things You Need to Know

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There is no standard “diabetic diet” but people with diabetes should have an individualized diabetic diet prepared by a licensed dietitian with extensive knowledge in diabetes, and in accordance with the standard diabetic diet guidelines set forth by the American Diabetes Association. The goal is to achieve a near normal blood sugar level, an ideal blood pressure and a healthy cholesterol level.

Here are the diabetic diet guidelines:

1. Indulge in low-carbohydrate or low-fat calorie-restricted diet for a period of one year. Weight loss in overweight insulin-resistant individuals reveals a modest loss in weight by as much as 7% of the body weight, which resulted to lower insulin resistance. To maintain weight loss, indulge in any physical activity for at least 30 minutes per day or 150 minutes per week and better yet, make an overall lifestyle change.

2. Reduce calorie and dietary fat intakes. Consumption of saturated fat is recommended to be less than 7% of total calories while trans fat should be reduced. The dietary cholesterol limit per day is less than 200 mg.

3. Sugar alcohols and sweeteners that are nonnutritive are all right if consumed in acceptable level. There are five nonnutritive sweeteners as approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) namely; aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, neotame and acesulfame potassium.

Likewise, included in the list of the FDA as allowed sugar alcohols (polyols) are isomalt, erythritol, maltitol, lactitol, sorbitol, mannitol, tagatose, xylitol and hydrogenated starch hydrolysates. Do not over indulge even though sugar alcohol seems to be safe as it can cause diarrhea in children.

4. In drinking alcoholic beverages, adult men are limited to two drinks in a day while one for older women. Alcohol should be taken in with food to avoid nocturnal hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in people taking insulin.

5. Taking vitamin supplements like E, C and carotene are not advisable due to the absence of efficiency and long-term safety. In addition, chromium supplementation has no conclusive basis that it can lower the blood sugar level.

6. For people with the tendency to have type 2 diabetes, follow the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) dietary fiber recommendation of 14g fiber/1,000 kcal and one-half of grain intakes for foods with whole grains.

7. More than two servings of fish are allowed in a week since it provides n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Commercial fried fish fillets are not included in the diet.

8. The glycemic index is also recommended as reference for fiber rich and nutritious foods. There is no conclusive evidence to link low-glycemic load in reducing the risk of diabetes.

The diabetic diet guidelines were based on the guidelines set forth by the American Diabetes Association. Some of those who adhered to this diet was noted to have reduced the A1C in type 1 diabetes by less than 1% and 1% to 2% in type 2 diabetes, depending on the time the individual was afflicted. Further, observance of this diet  also showed there was a reduction of LDL (bad) cholesterol by 15-25 mg/dl while exercise and lifestyle change has a significant effect to lower hypertension.

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